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12.2.1 Issuing Warnings

It is possible to issue warnings from any code using the warning function. In its most simple form, the warning function takes a string describing the warning as its input argument. As an example, the following code controls if the variable ‘a’ is non-negative, and if not issues a warning and sets ‘a’ to zero. 

     a = -1;
     if (a < 0)
       warning ("'a' must be non-negative.  Setting 'a' to zero.");
       a = 0;
     endif
          -| 'a' must be non-negative.  Setting 'a' to zero.

Since warnings aren't fatal to a running program, it is not possible to catch a warning using the try statement or something similar. It is however possible to access the last warning as a string using the lastwarn function.

It is also possible to assign an identification string to a warning. If a warning has such an ID the user can enable and disable this warning as will be described in the next section. To assign an ID to a warning, simply call warning with two string arguments, where the first is the identification string, and the second is the actual warning.

— Built-in Function: warning (template, ...)
— Built-in Function: warning (id, template, ...)
— Built-in Function: warning ("on", id)
— Built-in Function: warning ("off", id)
— Built-in Function: warning ("query", id)
— Built-in Function: warning ("error", id)

Format the optional arguments under the control of the template string template using the same rules as the printf family of functions (see Formatted Output) and print the resulting message on the stderr stream. The message is prefixed by the character string ‘warning: ’. You should use this function when you want to notify the user of an unusual condition, but only when it makes sense for your program to go on.

The optional message identifier allows users to enable or disable warnings tagged by id. The special identifier ‘"all"’ may be used to set the state of all warnings.

If the first argument is ‘"on"’ or ‘"off"’, set the state of a particular warning using the identifier id. If the first argument is ‘"query"’, query the state of this warning instead. If the identifier is omitted, a value of ‘"all"’ is assumed. If you set the state of a warning to ‘"error"’, the warning named by id is handled as if it were an error instead. So, for example, the following handles all warnings as errors: 

          warning ("error");

See also: warning_ids.

— Built-in Function: [msg, msgid] = lastwarn (msg, msgid)

Without any arguments, return the last warning message. With one argument, set the last warning message to msg. With two arguments, also set the last message identifier.